With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid growth of car ownership, problems such as traffic congestion and frequent traffic accidents have become increasingly prominent, becoming important factors restricting the sustainable development of cities. Traditional traffic monitoring methods such as cameras and ground sensing coils, although able to provide traffic flow data to a certain extent, have limitations in real-time, accuracy, and adaptability. The introduction of multi-target radar technology provides a new solution for traffic flow monitoring. It is of great significance for optimizing traffic flow management, reducing traffic congestion, and improving traffic safety.

1、 Overview of Multi target Radar Technology

Multi target radar is a radar system that can simultaneously detect and track multiple targets, typically used in military, meteorological, aviation, and other fields. In recent years, with the advancement of technology, the application of multi-target radar in civilian fields has gradually increased, especially in traffic flow monitoring, which has achieved significant results. Multi target radar detects and tracks multiple targets simultaneously by emitting electromagnetic waves and receiving signals reflected by the targets, using signal processing techniques to obtain information such as the position and velocity of the targets.

2、 Application of Multi target Radar in Traffic Flow Monitoring

a. Real time detection of traffic information

The application of multi-target radar technology in real-time traffic information detection is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Vehicle speed detection: Multi target radar technology detects vehicle speed based on microwave multi wave Le effect. When a vehicle approaches or moves away from the radar, the frequency of the reflected wave received by the radar will change, which can accurately measure the speed of the vehicle.

Traffic flow detection: Radar based on the principle of Frequency Modular Continuous Wave (FMCW) can achieve distance detection function, thereby determining the lane where the vehicle is located, detecting whether there are vehicles in the lane, and monitoring the traffic flow in the area.

Other traffic information parameter detection: In addition to vehicle speed and traffic flow, multi-target radar can also detect information such as vehicle type, lane occupancy rate, and headway. The acquisition of this information helps to comprehensively understand traffic conditions and provides scientific basis for traffic management and planning.

b. Traffic incident detection

Multi target radar can not only be used for monitoring traffic flow, but also for detecting traffic incidents. By analyzing the changes in radar echo signals, abnormal events such as traffic congestion, traffic accidents, illegal parking, and reverse traffic can be identified, and timely alerts can be issued to help traffic management departments respond quickly and reduce accident losses.

c. System integration and optimization

Multi target radar technology can be combined with other traffic monitoring technologies (such as video surveillance, sensor networks, etc.) to form a comprehensive traffic monitoring system. This system can achieve multi-dimensional collection and analysis of traffic information, providing more comprehensive and accurate traffic data. For example, by fusing radar detection data with video surveillance data, the accuracy and robustness of target recognition can be improved, achieving comprehensive perception of traffic conditions.

3、 Technical characteristics of multi-target radar traffic flow monitoring

High precision and high stability

Multi target radar technology has the characteristics of high precision and high stability. The electromagnetic waves emitted by radar are not affected by external factors such as lighting and weather, and can work stably under various complex conditions. In addition, radar can achieve high-precision measurement of target position and velocity through the multi wave effect and FMCW principle, ensuring the accuracy of traffic information.

Multi object detection and tracking

Multi target radar can detect and track multiple targets at the same time, making it suitable for monitoring high-density traffic flow. Through advanced signal processing algorithms, radar can distinguish different targets, avoid mutual interference between targets, and ensure the tracking accuracy of each target.

Real time and efficiency

Multi target radar technology has the characteristics of real-time and high efficiency. Radar can quickly obtain traffic information and transmit it in real-time to traffic management departments, helping them make timely decisions. In addition, the radar system is easy to install and maintain, has a long service life, and reduces the operating costs of the system.

4、 Application case of multi-target radar traffic flow monitoring

Highway traffic incident detection

Multi object radar technology is widely used in traffic event detection in highway traffic management. For example, the Nanyou Expressway in Guangxi adopts a multi-target tracking array radar traffic incident detection system, which realizes real-time monitoring of traffic flow parameter information, including flow rate, average speed, occupancy rate, etc. This system can effectively combat illegal smuggling activities, reduce accident rates, and improve the level of highway operation and management.

Urban traffic flow monitoring

Multi target radar technology also plays an important role in urban traffic management. For example, the Beijing traffic management department has adopted an intelligent monitoring system based on LiDAR to achieve high-precision monitoring of urban traffic flow. This system can obtain real-time information about the height, width, and model of vehicles, without being affected by environmental lighting, and can work day and night, improving the efficiency and safety of traffic management.

Traffic signal control

Multi target radar technology can also be used for traffic signal control. The traffic information obtained through radar detectors can achieve intelligent control of traffic signals and optimize traffic flow management. For example, a single point intersection signal control method based on multi-target radar data is designed according to the queue length of the entrance lane detection area. The single point signal control strategy is divided into two stages, effectively improving the efficiency of traffic signal control.